Atmosphere+and+Weather

**Climate Changes**
http://www.rochestercitynewspaper.com/news/articles/2012/04/ENVIRONMENT-Climate-change-upsetting-the-balance/

Sophie

Tornadoes!
From March 2–3, 2012, a deadly [|tornado] [|outbreak] occurred over a large section of the Southern United States into the [|Ohio Valley] region. The storms resulted in 40 tornado-related fatalities, 22 of which occurred in [|Kentucky]. [|[2]] Tornado-related deaths also occurred in Alabama, Indiana, and Ohio. The outbreak was the second deadliest in early March for the U.S. on record; only the [|1966 Candlestick Park tornado] had a higher death toll for a tornadic system in early March. [|[3]]

The outbreak began fairly early in the morning, with an initial round of storms and tornadoes associated with the incoming [|warm front] attached to a rapidly deepening [|low pressure area] over the central [|Great Lakes]. [|[9]] The initial round of storms allowed for a strong warm air mass to enter the region, with temperatures rising to near record levels for early March and instability combining with extreme wind shear, resulting in a highly volatile air mass. [|[6]] As a result, a second, much larger broken line of discrete [|supercells] developed and followed the [|Ohio River], with additional storms developing farther south. During the afternoon, those cells tracked eastward across the Ohio Valley, passing north of [|Louisville, Kentucky] and south of [|Cincinnati], Ohio with devastating results. [|[8]]
 * **Outbreak death toll** ||
 * ~ **State/Province** ||~ **Total** ||~ **County** ||~ **County**
 * total** ||
 * [|Alabama] || **1** || [|Tallapoosa] || 1 ||
 * [|Indiana] || **13** || [|Clark] || 1 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Jefferson] || 4 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Ripley] || 2 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Scott] || 1 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Washington] || 5 ||
 * [|Kentucky] || **22** || [|Johnson] || 2 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Kenton] || 4 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Laurel] || 6 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Lawrence] || 2 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Menifee] || 2 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Morgan] || 6 ||
 * [|Ohio] || **4** || [|Adams] || 1 ||
 * ^  ||^   || [|Clermont] || 3 ||
 * Totals || **40** ||||  ||
 * = Only tornado-related deaths are included ||

[] Here is a website for avation weather traffic. http://aviationweather.gov/ -Alex W

A video of the tornadoes that hapened recently, but not the same ones: media type="youtube" key="USCZsUEAHTg" height="315" width="560"


 * North Eastern Snow Storm**

media type="custom" key="15409316" By Abigail Curillo:)



Here is a website all about atmosphere and climate. http://geographyworldonline.com/weathergames.html - Alex W

1/9/12 Article about a new way to remove carbon dioxide from the air:

[]

-Jada

= Underwater =

Underwater volcano erupts
Article and Image from: Max Levine An underwater volcano off the coast of the Canary Islands has erupted spewing potentially toxic gases. Authorities have closed 2 beaches as a precaution.

Have you ever seen this before. All I got to say is WOW



media type="custom" key="11305524"

= ** Storms and Sounds ** =

media type="custom" key="11297932"

[|http://www.weather.com/weather/videos/news-41/top-stories-169/underwater-volcano-erupts-22532#loc=41/169/365]

-Max

= =



Picture of Alaskan superstorm.
In this massive storm people have seen up to 50 foot waves. Which has not been seen in 40 years. There has been wind reported from 75-100mph.The system is 1000 miles in diameter. Dean []

Tornadoes- National geographic tornado video: [] media type="youtube" key="rQLBEwvw4aw?version=3" height="360" width="640"

A **tornado is a violent, dangerous, rotating column of air that is in contact with both the surface of the earth and a cumulonimbus cloud or, in rare cases, the base of a cumulus cloud. They are often referred to as a twister or a cyclone,although the word cyclone is used in meteorology in a wider sense, to name any closed low pressure circulation. Tornadoes come in many shapes and sizes, but are typically in the form of a visible condensation funnel, whose narrow end touches the earth and is often encircled by a cloud of debris and dust. Most tornadoes have wind speeds less than 110 miles per hour (177 km/h), are approximately 250 feet (80 m) across, and travel a few miles (several kilometers) before dissipating. The most extreme tornadoes can attain wind speeds of more than 300 mph (480 km/h), stretch more than two miles (3 km) across, and stay on the ground for dozens of miles (more than 100 km). -from wikidpedia**
 * _Colin**

Hurricane Irene:

Wind gusts, as measured by our own weather station, were just under 50mph- is that tropical storm strength? -Yes! Tropical Storms are defined as being tropical cyclones with wind speeds between 39-73 mph.

**Anyway I found this video on YouTube about how this IceBerg makes sounds. I know right Icebergs making noises? Weirdddd**
[] media type="youtube" key="45Y2FLxYK80?version=3" height="360" width="640"


 * From Max Levine. Hope you guys like it.** (Hey Max, I followed the link and copied the 'embed' code from the YouTube page. Then I used the 'Widget' button on the Edit menu, clicked 'Video', and pasted the code into the window. I think it's sweet,)

= = =Alaskan Storm as strong as a Cat.3 hurricane =

**Tropical Storm Sean and t**he pressure was as low as a **Cat 3 hurricane**, something the Bering Sea hasn’t seen since 1974.
= = =**[|Alaskan storm as strong as a Cat. 3 hurricane]**=

= News =

= 2012: Killer Solar Flares Are a Physical Impossibility, Experts Say = ScienceDaily (Nov. 11, 2011) — Given a legitimate need to protect Earth from the most intense forms of space weather -- great bursts of electromagnetic energy and particles that can sometimes stream from the sun -- some people worry that a gigantic "killer solar flare" could hurl enough energy to destroy Earth. Citing the accurate fact that solar activity is currently ramping up in its standard 11-year cycle, there are those who believe that 2012 could be coincident with such a flare. ==== But this same solar cycle has occurred over millennia. Anyone over the age of 11 has already lived through such a solar maximum with no harm. In addition, the next solar maximum is predicted to occur in late 2013 or early 2014, not 2012. ====

Most importantly, however, there simply isn't enough energy in the sun to send a killer fireball 93 million miles to destroy Earth.
==== This is not to say that space weather can't affect our planet. The explosive heat of a solar flare can't make it all the way to our globe, but electromagnetic radiation and energetic particles certainly can. Solar flares can temporarily alter the upper atmosphere creating disruptions with signal transmission from, say, a GPS satellite to Earth causing it to be off by many yards. Another phenomenon produced by the sun could be even more disruptive. Known as a coronal mass ejection (CME), these solar explosions propel bursts of particles and electromagnetic fluctuations into Earth's atmosphere. Those fluctuations could induce electric fluctuations at ground level that could blow out transformers in power grids. The CME's particles can also collide with crucial electronics onboard a satellite and disrupt its systems. ==== ==== In an increasingly technological world, where almost everyone relies on cell phones and GPS controls not just your in-car map system, but also airplane navigation and the extremely accurate clocks that govern financial transactions, space weather is a serious matter. ==== ==== But it is a problem the same way hurricanes are a problem. One can protect oneself with advance information and proper precautions. During a hurricane watch, a homeowner can stay put. . . or he can seal up the house, turn off the electronics and get out of the way. Similarly, scientists at NASA and NOAA give warnings to electric companies, spacecraft operators, and airline pilots before a CME comes to Earth so that these groups can take proper precautions. Improving these predictive abilities the same way weather prediction has improved over the last few decades is one of the reasons NASA studies the sun and space weather. We can't ignore space weather, but we can take appropriate measures to protect ourselves. ====

And, even at their worst, the sun's flares are not physically capable of destroying Earth.
//The Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) spacecraft captured this image of a solar flare as it erupted from the sun early on Tuesday, October 28, 2003. This was the most powerful flare measured with modern methods. (Credit: NASA/SOHO)//

- Abigail Biddle

= //Glenn Unger// =

//When I was reading the Guinness Book of World Records I found out about an enormous man made tornado. I researched more about it and found out that it's really... well, real. Any ways this man made tornado only appears in the Mercedes Benz Museum in Germany. It is actually used when there are fires to suck up the smoke.//

The Guinnes Book of Records verified that the artificial tornado in Germany's Mercedes Benz Museum is the world's largest man-made twister. It's 34.43 meters (~113 feet) tall, and contains approximately 28 tons of air. It takes 144 jets about seven minutes to produce. It was created to suck smoke out of the building and save lives should a fire start. In the picture, carbon dioxide is being sprayed into the bottom of the tornado to make it visible.

Source: Big-Mercedes-Tornado: "Artificial Tornado In MercedesBenzMuseum - Geekologie." // Geekologie - Gadgets, Gizmos, and Awesome //. Web. 12 Nov. 2011. .

//Here's a picture//

The Mercedes-Benz Museum is now officially home to the "strongest artificially generated tornado in the world". The attempted record was confirmed in the presence of Guinness Book of Records representative Olaf Kuchenbecker. The 34.4-metre-high artificial tornado serves to eliminate smoke from the museum in the event of a fire. "We are delighted that the Mercedes-Benz Museum is now also featured in the Guinness Book of Records," said Michael Bock, manager of Mercedes-Benz Museum GmbH. "By successfully achieving the world record as 'strongest artificially generated tornado in the world', the Mercedes-Benz Museum has once again underlined its outstanding position in the world of museums also in terms of architecture."

The architecture of the Mercedes-Benz Museum placed particular demands on construction planners, architects and engineers with regard to smoke elimination. The provisions of the approving authority and fire protection regulations require all areas outside the fire level to be smoke-free in the event of smoke emission. However, due to the open-plan structure of the Mercedes-Benz Museum, the various exhibition areas are connected to each other without any fire zones via an interior courtyard and ramps. From the perspective of smoke elimination this presented a challenging task that could not be implemented through conventional fluid mechanics.

It was necessary to take a new approach, and so a globally unique smoke elimination system was developed especially for the Mercedes-Benz Museum. In the event of fire, 144 outlets located along the core walls inject air into the interior courtyard of the Mercedes-Benz Museum. This generates an artificial tornado, and the smoke collected is then discharged into the outside air via a smoke elimination ventilator located in the upper part of the building.

This procedure uses the principle of the tornado force, which has a devastating effect under natural conditions, to create a controlled life-saving form of fluid mechanics that opens up new architectural possibilities.

The Mercedes-Benz Museum with its unique smoke elimination system was selected from among some 800 applications that are submitted each week to the Guinness Book of Records. With 110 million copies in circulation, the Guinness Book of Records has been one of the world's most successful reference works since the 1950s, and is now distributed in 20 languages and 100 countries. Since 2006, the German version of the Guinness Book of Records has been published by Bibliographisches Institut & F.A. Brockhaus AG.

www.museum-mercedes-benz.com //Amelia Haynes//



//This is a pretty good photo ( I thought ) of what we have been looking at in class these past couple of days.// -charlie corper I thought this was interesting because we were talking about high and low pressure areas on Earth today. - Abby Biddle